商務部回應！（中英對照）

1、有記者問：10月9日，商務部、海關總署發布公告，對相關稀土物項實施出口管制。請問中方有什么考慮？

1.Q: On October 9, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs published an announcement on imposing export control measures on related rare earth items. What are China's considerations behind this?

答：中方發布了關于稀土等相關物項的出口管制措施，這是中國政府依據法律法規，完善自身出口管制體系的正當做法。當前世界局勢動蕩不安，軍事沖突時有發生，中方注意到中重稀土相關物項在軍事領域有重要應用。中國是負責任大國，依法對相關物項實施出口管制，目的是更好維護世界和平與地區穩定，履行防擴散等國際義務。

A: China's announcement of export control measures on rare earths and related items is a legitimate action by the Chinese government to refine its export control system in accordance with laws and regulations. In the context of turmoil and frequent military conflicts in the world, China has taken note of the important uses of medium and heavy rare earths and related items in the military field. China, as a responsible major country, employs export controls on related items according to the law, in order to better defend world peace and regional stability, and to fulfill non-proliferation and other international obligations.

中國的出口管制不是禁止出口，對符合規定的申請將予以許可。在措施公布前，中方已通過雙邊出口管制對話機制向各有關國家和地區作了通報。中方愿與各國加強出口管制對話交流，更好維護全球產業鏈供應鏈安全穩定。

China's export controls are not export bans. Licenses will be granted for eligible applications. Before the measures were announced, China had already notified relevant countries and regions through bilateral export control dialogue mechanisms. China stands ready to work with the rest of the world to step up export control dialogue and exchange, so as to better safeguard the security and stability of global industrial and supply chains.

2、有記者問：我們注意到，近日商務部發布公告加強稀土等相關物項出口管制，請問后續將如何實施？

2. Q: We have noted that recently the Ministry of Commerce has issued an announcement strengthening export controls on rare earths and related items. Could you please introduce the follow-up measures of implementation?

答：中國作為負責任大國，始終堅定維護自身國家安全和國際共同安全，始終秉持公正、合理原則立場，審慎適度實施出口管制措施。中方事先已就措施可能對產供鏈產生的影響進行了充分評估，并確信相關影響非常有限。措施出臺前，中方已通過雙邊出口管制對話機制向各有關國家和地區進行了通報。

A: As a responsible major country, China always firmly safeguards its national security and international common security, always takes a just and reasonable principled position and implements export control measures in a prudential and moderate manner. China had made thorough assessment of the measures' possible impact on industrial and supply chains in advance and is certain that related impact is very limited. Before announcing the measures, China had notified relevant countries and regions through bilateral export control dialogue mechanisms.

后續，中國政府將依法依規開展許可審查，對符合規定的申請予以許可，同時，積極考慮適用通用許可、許可豁免等多種便利化措施，有效促進合規貿易。我想強調的是，中國的出口管制不是禁止出口，只要是用于民用用途的、合規的出口申請，都可以獲得批準，相關企業無須擔心。中國政府將一如既往地與各國一道，堅定維護世界和平和周邊地區穩定，共同保障全球產業鏈供應鏈穩定。

Going forward, the Chinese government will conduct reviews in accordance with laws and regulations, grant licenses to eligible applications, as well as actively considering the applicability of facilitation measures such as general licenses and license exemptions to effectively promote legitimate trade. I want to emphasize that China's export controls are not export bans. All applications of compliant export for civil use can get approval, so that relevant businesses have no need to worry. The Chinese government will work with all countries as always, to firmly safeguard world peace and stability in neighboring regions, and jointly maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains.

3、有記者問：美東時間10月10日，美方宣布，針對中方采取的稀土等相關物項出口管制，將對中方加征100%關稅，并對所有關鍵軟件實施出口管制，請問商務部對此有何評論？

3. Q: On October 10 EST, the U.S. announced that, in response to China's export control on rare earths and related items, the U.S. will impose a tariff of 100% on China, and impose export control on all critical software. What are MOFCOM's comments on this?

答：中方注意到有關情況。10月9日，中方發布了關于稀土等相關物項的出口管制措施，這是中國政府依據法律法規，完善自身出口管制體系的正常行為。中國作為負責任大國，始終堅定維護自身國家安全和國際共同安全，始終秉持公正、合理、非歧視的原則立場，審慎適度實施出口管制措施。美方有關表態是典型的“雙重標準”。長期以來，美方泛化國家安全，濫用出口管制，對華采取歧視性做法，對半導體設備、芯片等眾多產品實施單邊長臂管轄措施。美方管制清單物項超過3000項，而中方出口管制清單物項僅900余項。美方使用出口管制最低含量規則由來已久，低至0%。美方相關舉措嚴重損害企業正當合法權益，嚴重沖擊國際經貿秩序，嚴重破壞全球產供鏈安全穩定。

A: China has taken note of the situation. On October 9, China released export control measures on rare earths and related items, which are normal actions taken by the Chinese government in accordance with laws and regulations to refine its own export control system. As a responsible major country, China always firmly safeguards its national security and international common security, always takes a just and reasonable principled position and implements export control measures in a prudential and moderate manner. The U.S. remarks reflect textbook "double standard". For a long time, the U.S. has been overstretching the concept of national security, abusing export control, taking discriminatory actions against China, and imposing unilateral long-arm jurisdiction measures on various products including semiconductor equipment and chips. The U.S. Commerce Control List (CCL) covers over 3000 items, whereas China's Export Control List of Dual-use Items only cover about 900. The U.S. has long imposed the 'de minimis' rule for export controls, with a lowest threshold of 0%. These measures of U.S. side have seriously harmed the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of companies, severely disrupted the international economic and trade order, and gravely undermined the security and stability of global industrial and supply chains.

特別是9月中美馬德里經貿會談以來，短短20多天時間，美方持續新增出臺一系列對華限制措施，將多家中國實體列入出口管制實體清單和特別指定國民清單；通過穿透性規則任意擴大受管制企業范圍，影響中方數千家企業；無視中方關切和善意，執意落地對華海事、物流和造船業301措施。美方的行為嚴重損害中方利益，嚴重破壞雙方經貿會談氛圍，中方對此堅決反對。

Particularly since the China-U.S. economic and trade talks in Madrid in September, the U.S., in just 20 days, has introduced a string of new restrictive measures targeting China. It has put multiple Chinese entities on the Entity List and Special Designated National List; arbitrarily expanded the scope of control over businesses with the Affiliates Rule that affects thousands of Chinese companies; and persisted with the implementation of Section 301 measures targeting China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding industries in disregard of China's concerns and goodwill. The U.S. actions have severely harmed China's interests and undermined the atmosphere of bilateral economic and trade talks, and China is resolutely opposed to them.

動輒以高額關稅進行威脅，不是與中方相處的正確之道。對于關稅戰，中方的立場是一貫的，我們不愿打，但也不怕打。中方敦促美方盡快糾正錯誤做法，以兩國元首通話重要共識為引領，維護好來之不易的磋商成果，繼續發揮中美經貿磋商機制作用，在相互尊重、平等協商基礎上，通過對話解決各自關切，妥善管控分歧，維護中美經貿關系穩定、健康、可持續發展。如果美方一意孤行，中方也必將堅決采取相應措施，維護自身正當權益。

Willful threats of high tariffs are not the right way to get along with China. China's position on the trade war is consistent: we do not want it, but we are not afraid of it. China urges the U.S. to promptly correct its wrong practices, adhere to the important consensuses of the phone calls between the two heads of state, protect the hard-won outcomes of consultations, continue to use the China-U.S. economic and trade consultation mechanism, and address respective concerns and properly manage differences through dialogues and on the basis of mutual respect and equal-footed consultation, so as to ensure the stable, sound and sustainable development of the China-U.S. economic and trade relationship. If the U.S. insists on going the wrong way, China will surely take resolute measures to protect its legitimate rights and interests.

4、有記者問：美方將于10月14日對相關中國船舶征收港口費。我們注意到，中方已宣布了相應反制措施。中方對此有何評論？

4. Q: The U.S. will impose port fees on related Chinese vessels on October 14. We have noted that China has announced countermeasures in response. What is China's comment?

答：4月17日，美國貿易代表辦公室宣布了對中國海事、物流和造船領域301調查最終措施，將于10月14日起對相關中國船舶征收港口費。美方的做法嚴重違反世貿組織規則，違背《中美海運協定》平等互惠原則，是典型的單邊主義行為。中方已多次表示強烈不滿、堅決反對。

A: On April 17, the USTR announced the final action of Section 301 investigation into China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding sectors and will impose port fees on related Chinese vessels from October 14. The U.S. practice severely violates the WTO rules and breaches the principle of equality and mutual benefit of the China-U.S. Maritime Transport Agreement, and is a typical act of unilateralism. China has repeatedly expressed its strong dissatisfaction and firm opposition.

中美倫敦經貿會談以來，中方一直與美方就上述措施進行磋商溝通，就301調查報告中對中方的無端指責向美方提供了書面回應，并就雙方可在相關產業開展合作提出建議。但美方態度消極，執意實施上述措施，并于10月3日發布公告，明確對中方船舶收費的具體要求。中方為維護自身正當合法權益，不得不采取反制措施，依據《中華人民共和國國際海運條例》等法律法規，決定對涉美船舶收取船舶特別港務費。中方的反制措施是必要的被動防御行為，旨在維護中國產業和企業正當權益，也為了維護國際航運和造船市場的公平競爭環境。希望美方正視自身錯誤，與中方相向而行，回到對話協商的正確軌道上來。

Since the economic and trade talks in London, China has engaged in consultations and communications with the U.S. on the measures mentioned above, provided a written reply to the groundless accusations against China in the Section 301 investigation report, and made recommendations of potential bilateral cooperation in related industries. However, the U.S. has shown a negative attitude and willfully persists in implementing those measures, issuing a notice on October 3 setting out the specific requirements for imposing fees on Chinese vessels. In order to safeguard its legitimate and lawful rights and interests, China has to take countermeasures and decides to charge special port fees on U.S.-linked vessels in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on International Ocean Shipping and other laws and regulations. China's countermeasures are necessary acts of passive defense and are aimed at maintaining the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese industries and enterprises, as well as the level playing-field of the international shipping and shipbuilding markets. It is hoped the U.S. will face up to its mistake, move with China in the same direction, and return to the right track of dialogue and consultation.

來源：商務部網站